Lithium battery energy storage pack recycling

Are lithium-ion batteries recyclable?

In the perspective of recycling, cobalt and lithium are especially crucial to be recycled and have low economic benefits . This review focuses on innovative lithium-ion batteries recycling and the most fitting process for recovering critical materials of all types of utilized LIBs.

Why should we recycle used lithium-ion batteries?

Recycling used lithium-ion batteries (and the devices that contain them) will help address emerging issues associated with the clean energy transition and prevent problems caused by inappropriate battery disposal. End-of-life lithium-ion batteries contain valuable critical minerals needed in the production of new batteries.

What is the recycling process for lithium ion batteries?

The overall direct recycling process for spent lithium-ion batteries: Route 1 from huge batteries; Route 2, black mass. The development of the recycling of batteries depends strongly on the current regulations and the medium and long-term needs in materials.

What is the recycling route for retired lithium ion batteries?

In the case of battery manufacturer responsibility, there are two recycling routes for retired LIBs. One is the collection by EV manufacturers, and the other is the collection by the battery leasing company.

How to recycle Li-ion battery active materials?

Typical direct, pyrometallurgical, and hydrometallurgical recycling methods for recovery of Li-ion battery active materials. From top to bottom, these techniques are used by OnTo, (15) Umicore, (20) and Recupyl (21) in their recycling processes (some steps have been omitted for brevity).

Where should lithium batteries be disposed of?

Do not place the waste lithium batteries in the household trash or in curbside recycling bins. Instead, EPA recommends that all household lithium batteries be dropped off at battery collection sites (e.g., often located at electronics retailers) or household hazardous waste collection facilities for proper management.